及答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.
A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, \" Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains.\"
Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.
The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.
Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.
Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.
Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.
1. The underlined word \" simultaneously\" in Paragraph 2 means \"________，\" A. on one's own B. at no time C. at the same time D. by accident
2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .
A. saving time
B. a shortened attention span C. lower grades at school D. depression and anxiety
3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage? A. Media multitasking is becoming more popular B. Multitasking shrinks the brain
C. Multitasking may shorten attention span D. People are worried about their memories.
B
A man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles. He's making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesia's rainforests.
Medi Bastoni is 43 years old. He is an Indonesian. Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands. There are over 16, 000 islands there，and most of them are covered with rainforests. But on Java, where Mr. Bastoni lives, far more forests have been cleared.
Mr. Bastoni believes it's important to protect forests from being cut down, and to restore (恢复) them when they have been destroyed. Near his home, Mount Wilis is now being restored, but Mr. Bastoni wants to make the protection continue. That's how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.
And walking backwards? Mr. Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past. Walking backwards is a good way to get attention. Right now, Mr. Bastoni's backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.
Mr. Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him, above his head. This allows Mr. Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards. Besides, Mr. Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food. He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way. He has been sleeping at police stations, security posts, and even strangers homes during the trip. His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day. In early August he was in Sragen -- about 100 miles from his home. It's not clear whether Mr. Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17. 4. What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia? A. Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world. B. The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java. C. The islands there are all covered by rainforests.
D Local people pay great attention to rainforests. 5. Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk? A With the purpose of fighting climate change. B. With the aim of becoming a healthy person. C. With the hope of rebuilding rainforests. D. With deep love for traditional sports. 6. What's the function of the large mirror? A. To make sure of Mr. Bastoni's safety. B. To show Mr. Bastoni's position correctly. C. To allow Mr. Bastoni to look forwards easily. D. To help Mr. Bastoni enjoy views on the road. 7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia. B. The importance of rainforests to Indonesia. C. A trip to recall history and attract attention. D. A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.
C
ElonMusk is a symbol of passion, hard work and success. A person may work hard in his life, but when hard work goes along with passion and a new idea, then something is created that astonishes the world. As the founder of big companies like PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla Motors, Elon Musk is a guide and inspiration for the youth around the world.
Elon Musk was born on June 28,1971 inPretoria,South Africa. He was the eldest of three children. His father Errol Musk, a British-born South African, was an engineer. Musk spent his childhood inSouth Africaand at the age of 9, he got his first personal computer. This got Elon interested in programming and he started to learn on his own. At the age of 12, he made his first computer game, Blaster, which earned him $500 when he sold the source code to a magazine.
When he was 17, he decided to leave home and had wanted to move to theUnited Statesafter graduating from a secondary school inPretoria. However, he was unable to move to theUnited States. In 19, Elon Musk moved toCanada, where his mother’s s lived. After obtaining Canadian citizenship, Musk went toMontreal. Due to a lack of money, he found a low-paying job. At the age of 19, he enteredQueensUniversityinKingston,Ontario,
studying there for two years. Finally, in 1992, his dream came true—he moved to theUnited States.
As a teenager, Musk struggled with depression. But then he realized that the most important thing was presenting himself with the right questions. The day he started doing this, everything started to get easier.
Musk thought that a human being had to expand the limits of his consciousness—to ask the right questions and get answers to them; thus he asked the best question of all: what will have the greatest impact on the future of humans? Musk found that these things were the Internet and space exploration.
The life of Elon Musk is inspiring. He found success on the Internet, without much formal learning. By reading books and using his willpower and dedication, he reached a level of knowledge that is difficult to imagine. He did not give up until he achieved his dreams. Elon Musk truly stands out among other billionaires because of his leadership abilities, positive attitude, ability to know when to take risks, and belief in futuristic technologies. 8. According to the passage, Elon Musk gained knowledge of computer by ________. A. teaching himself B. learning from his father C. taking online courses D. studying inQueensUniversity 9. What made things easier for Elon Musk when he suffered from depression?
A. Expanding knowledge by reading books. B. Asking himself the right questions. C. Achieving success on the Internet. D. Designing computer games. 10. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It’s never too late to learn. B. Youth means limitless possibilities.
C. Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D. He who doesn’t advance falls backward. 11. Which words can best describe Elon Musk according to the passage? A. Optimistic and generous. B. Ambitious and determined. C. Independent and helpful. D. Adventurous and realistic.
D
Why can friendships be hard? Because often people aren't as honest and open as they should be. Sometimes, people end up getting hurt.
Most problems with friendships come up because people are just too selfish to care about the things that their friends need. They care about their own needs much more, which makes it hard for friendships to work. However, being selfish is part of human nature. A person is put together in order to take care of himself and his own needs, not necessarily those needs of other people. Even though being selfish is something that all humans are born with, it is something that everyone should guard against.
The best thing to remember when you are a friend to anyone is that you need to treat your friend the same way as you'd like to be treated. This is wonderful advice for a friendship, because it is really the only way to make sure that you are giving your friend everything you would want to be given in a friendship. Whenever you have a question about how you should treat a friend, it is easy to find an answer simply by asking yourself what you would like your friend to do for you, if he or she is in your shoes.
Even if you're always thinking about how you'd like to be treated, and your friends are too, there are issues that come up from time to time in each friendship, and it is important to understand how to deal with these issues so that you can build stronger and healthier friendships. Issues like friends getting boyfriends or girlfriends and not spending enough time with their friends, or even friends finding new friends and leaving old friends behind are issues that will probably come up with one or more of your friendships. It is important to know how to deal with these issues so that you can keep your friends and make new ones. No one wants to have a broken friendship. 12. Why may problems with friendships appear? A. One is selfish. B. One is alone. C. One is too anxious. D. One is too busy.
13. What's the first and most important thing to be other people's friend? A. Not to hurt your friends' feelings. B. To give your friends whatever you have. C. To treat your friends as fairly as possible. D. Not to think of your own needs any more. 14. What is the text mainly about? A. The Meaning of Friendships B. The Importance of Friendships C. The Advantages of Friendships D. The Problems with Friendships
15. What may follow the last paragraph of the text? A. How to make many friends. B. How to keep friends happy. C. How to treat friends correctly. D. How to solve friendship issues.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Living with an animal is like living with a human friend. Here are some suggestions for a pet owner.
Be calm. Try to always be calm when dealing with your pets, whatever they’ve done. If you’re upset at them, take a moment to calm yourself down first.___16___Also make your movements gentle and slow.
Be the boss.___17___Set aside time to practice these rules with your pet each day. If your pet breaks a rule, use body language to let them know it is not okay.
___18___Just be in the same room with them. Let them be near you while you make dinner, watch TV or read a book. The more you’re around one another, the better chances you have of becoming friends.
Never use violent actions or language. If your pet does something you disagree with, don’t physically hurt them or scream at them.___19___However, what you really want is not their fear but love.
See the world through your pet’s eyes. Be empathetic(设身处地的) when dealing with your pet. You don’t know what’s going on in its mind. So it’s best to try to read its body language and imagine what it must be going through.___20___ A. Be patient.
B. Set rules and stick to them. C. Stay with your pets often.
D.Hurting them will make them likely to fear. E. In these ways you can treat it as well as possible. F. Taking a deep breath is a useful way to keep calm. G. Body language is different depending on the animals.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Have you ever given a thought to inspiration？In fact, inspiration can be a strange thing. You never know when it might____21____, and sometimes, it can come from the most____22____places.
I recently read about an author named Nnedi Okorafor. When she was in college, she had a serious spine disorder. Okorafor was told that a simple operation could____23____it. But when she woke up from her____24____, she found that she couldn’t move her legs and was in great pain.
Okorafor got____25____later. But before she did, she saw strange things in her hospital room. She imagined her____26____as a beast that hunted her from the shadows. But she also____27____a woman-a woman who could fly, in fact. This____28____woman inspired her and helped her____29____her pain. “I felt myself
become_____30_____,” she wrote in her book Broken Places & Outer Spaces: Finding Creativity in the Unexpected.
We_____31_____know where we might find the inspiration to create. As a_____32_____, most of my inspiration comes from other people’s music. But I also find_____33_____in other places. Books, movies and_____34_____just moments in everyday life can lead to new creations.
_____35_____, I recently rewatched the film Blade Runner. I’ve seen it plenty of times before; it’s one of my favorite movies. But this time, for some reason, I saw it_____36_____.I decided to make music that could create the same feeling as the_____37_____. It’s not done yet, but the music I’m working on now is heavily_____38_____by the movie’s setting and characters.
Anything can_____39_____us. You just have to be_____40_____to catch inspiration when it hits. 21. A. work B. hit C. exist D. pass
22. A. interesting B. ordinary C. unexpected D. dangerous 23. A. fix B. make C. remove D. control 24. A. dream B. shock C. recovery D. operation 25. A. well B. bad C. worried D. annoyed 26. A. curiosity B. pain C. anger D. fear 27. A. asked B. met C. imagined D. visited 28. A. confident B. smart C. honest D. magical 29. A. forget B. recognize C. describe D. practice 30. A. richer B. better C. busier D. quieter 31. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. still 32. A. director B. dancer C. musician D. writer 33. A. tips B. messages C. examples D. ideas 34. A. even B. again C. not D. only
35. A. In short B. In addition C. For example D. After all 36. A. differently B. perfectly C. vividly D. smoothly 37. A. story B. song C. play D. film
38. A. changed B. supported C. disturbed D. influenced 39. A. impress B. inspire C. amuse D. challenge 40. A. free B. thankful C. ready D. careful
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
You might think that good-looking men have every advantage in life.____41.____a new study suggests that being handsome may not always work in a man's favor — at least____42.____it comes to his career. The research claims that attractive men are____43.____(little) likely to be given a job in a competitive workplace because they threaten____44.____(boss). “It's not always an advantage to be pretty,” says Marko Pitesa,____45.____assistant professor at the University of Maryland. “It can backfire (适得其反) if you____46.____(consider) as a threat.”____47.____(interesting), in Pitesa’s study, it was male attractiveness in particular, rather than female beauty, that made the most____48.____(different).
If the interviewer expected____49.____(work) with the candidate as part of a team, then he______50.______(prefer) good-looking men.
However, if the interviewer saw the candidate as a potential competitor, the interviewer discriminated in favor of unattractive men.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Is it necessary to practise handwriting? Some students consider handwriting least important than before. They preferred the keyboard to the pen now, for it is fast, convenient an clear. They think it is waste of time practising handwriting. However, others think Chinese handwriting is an important part of our traditional culture. Though computers are very convenient, but handwriting still plays an important role in the modern world. Beside, beautiful handwriting makes a good impression in others. It shows your attitude to do things. Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture. As for me, when reading a neat written article, you will feel pleased and relaxed.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，最近你的美国朋友John在与父母相处的过程中遇到一些困惑，沟通出现问题。他心
情不佳，来信寻求你的帮助。请根据以下要点给他写一封信：
1.安慰John； 2.提出建议； 3.恰当的结尾。 注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参
1. C 2. A 3. C
4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
16. F 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. E
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. But##Yet
42. when 43. less 44. bosses 45. an 46. are considered 47. Interestingly 48. difference 49. to work 50. preferred
51.(1).least→less (2).preferred→prefer (3).在waste前加a (4).but去掉
(5).Beside→Besides (6).in→on
(7).do→doing或将do去掉 (8).character→characters (9).neat→neatly (10).you→I
52.略
30. B 31. B 32.
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